The first trial was held from 25 April to 31 May 1946, against 30 ex-officials and prisoner-guards of the camp. Here we look at the horrendous role these guards - known as Aufseherins, or female overseers - played during the War. The fourth and final trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from 19 November to 29 November 1947. Female Nazi war criminals - Capital Punishment U.K In a 2017 book, Holocaust survivor Lina Haag claimed Lichtenberg prisoners were stripped naked and tied to wooden posts, where Maria Mandl would then beat us mercilessly until she could no longer lift her arm., Mandl looked for women who had broken the rules by curling their hair and even one single curl would mean a woman was kicked to the ground and beaten around the head, or she would shave their head and parade them around the camp with a sign around their neck that read: I broke the rules and curled my hair.. Over 4,000 were sent by small boat to Germany, some to the Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg, and some to camps along the Baltic coast. Why Are There Superstitions Around Black Cats? Concentration Camp Secretary Indicted as Accessory to Mass Murder Arraigned 24 ex-officials and guards of the Stutthof concentration camp were judged and found guilty. Braunstein was sentenced to three years in jail by a British court in 1958 and emigrated to the US, where she married a construction worker. "You did not seek a way out," the judge said. Erected in 1939, it saw two horrific epidemics of typhus kill thousands of its already dying population in 1942 and 1944. [7][8] Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. He was found guilty and sentenced to death with 11 other defendants. Jenny Barkmann: The "Beautiful Spectre" of Stutthof Stutthof concentration camp - Alchetron, the free social encyclopedia When Jenny Barkmann arrived in 1944, she quickly proved herself to be a perfect Nazi guard. At Auschwitz she would pick kids as pets, with one survivor recalling how she dressed one in fine clothing, parading it around like a puppet - only to send the child to the gas chamber when she got bored. In September 1942, Bothe became the SS Aufseherin camp guard at the Nazi German Ravensbrck concentration camp for women. The trial is set to begin in October. A crematorium and gas chamber[9] were added in 1943, just in time to start mass executions when Stutthof was included in the "Final Solution" in June 1944. Former Stutthof prisoners volunteered to serve as executioners for the public hanging on July 4, 1946. Countless prisoners who were left too weak to work were simply murdered. Originally, it was a civil prison camp for political enemies of the . But the former nurse became known as the Sadist of Stutthof due to the vicious beatings she meted out to inmates at the camp, in Nazi-occupied Poland. Overseeing working parties that left the camp ln slave labour, she would attack women who became too sick or weak. [2][5], The last two trials in Poland concerning two Stutthof concentration camp officials took place four years apart. Cut off by advancing Soviet forces the Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. After evading capture for a few months, she was recognized and arrested in May 1945. She also personally hanged young female prisoners and beat two women to death with a leather whip. Yolanda Saldvar, The Obsessed Fan Who Murdered Se, 5 Of The Most Infamous Cults in US History, History and Culture of the Blackfeet Nation, Did Pharaoh Akhenaten lay the foundation for Abrah. The Germans used Stutthof prisoners as forced laborers. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. In late April 1945, the remaining prisoners were removed from Stutthof by sea, since Stutthof was completely encircled by Soviet forces. About 24,600 were transferred from Stutthof to other locations. 2020 THE SUN, US, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED | TERMS OF USE | PRIVACY | YOUR AD CHOICES | SITEMAP, Isle Koch in an internment centre after her arrest, Women prisoners are put to work at Ravensbruck concentration camp, A roll call at Buchenwald camp, where Ilse Koch chose her victims, Ilse Koch at her trial in Germany in 1950, 'Tattooed human skin' found at the house of Ilse Koch after her arrest, Tattooed swatches are shown at the trial of Ilse Koch, Irma Grese beat women to death in the concentration camps, A boy walks down a road lined with dead prisoners from the Belsen camp, after its liberation in 1945, Elizabeth Volkenrath selected victims for the gas chamber, Hermine Braunstein was known as the "stomping mare", Hertha Bothe was known as the Sadist of Stutthof, Maria Mandl stripped and beat women "mercilessly", Female Nazi guards tortured and killed thousands, beat naked women to death & made lampshades from human skin, Prince Charles and Camilla BOTH receive their first dose of Covid vaccine, Moment pregnant newlywed, 18, and husband, 19, veer on wrong side of road in 89mph police chase before dying in crash. TTY: 202.488.0406, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, Nazi Territorial Aggression: The Anschluss, Ministry of Propaganda and Public Enlightenment, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. [33] Being tried at the age of 94, court proceedings were limited to no more than two hours per day and two non-consecutive days per week. [3] The inmate population rose to 6,000 in the following two weeks, on 15 September 1939. The rest of the prisoners were marched in the direction of Lauenburg in eastern Germany. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 After the war a number of war crimes trials took place called the Stutthof Trials, and following these there were a number of executions. Wow, Geocities links. The first prisoners arrived in the camp on September 2nd. At the subsequent trial, liberated prisoners said Grese - dubbed the Beautiful Beast - tortured prisoners both physically and emotionally and enjoyed shooting prisoners in cold blood. Buffalo shooting - 'Gunman' Gregory Ulrich 'held grudge against docs for refusing him painkillers' before killing nurse. SS-Sturmbannfhrer Max Pauly was put on trial by a British military court in Germany but not for the crimes committed at Stutthof; only as the commandant of the Neuengamme concentration camp in Hamburg. Stutthof was a Nazi concentration camp established by Nazi Germany in a secluded, marshy, and wooded area near the village of Stutthof (now Sztutowo) 34 km (21 mi) east of the city of Danzig in the territory of the German-annexed Free City of Danzig.The camp was set up around existing structures after the invasion of Poland in World War II and initially used for the imprisonment of Polish . Execution of Stutthof concentration camp overseers at Biskupia Grka. Now 92, he vividly remembers the five camps and sub-camps of Stutthof that he was sent to. There was no evidence to link him to specific killings, and though he admitted to serving at the camp, he said that he was unaware that people were being murdered there. Stutthof. One survivor, Lila Givner, told her 1978 trial: Kobyla was tall. Asia Shindelman said many prisoners had to walk hundreds of kilometres with little clothing for the cold weather. [7], In 1942 the first German female SS Aufseherinnen guards arrived at Stutthof along with female prisoners. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a network of forced-labor camps. She also personally selected women and children for the gas chambers, on one occasion, in 1944, sending 3,000 to their death. As the war ended, Jenny Barkmann attempted to evade the Red Army under a false name in the besieged city of Gdansk. [1], The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by the barbed-wire fence. Dave, The 92-year-old Israeli citizentraveled to Germany to give evidence in the trial of Bruno D., a former SS private accused of 5,230 counts of being an accessory to murderat Stutthof from 1944 to 1945. Loved seeing the nazi scum hanging,i hope they suffered a long agonising death. 99 . [40] On 20 December 2022 Furchner, then 97, was convicted of being an accessory to murder of more than 10,000 people at Stutthof concentration camp during World War II. Standing at 6ft 3in, Hertha Botte was an imposing figure, who also stood out from other SS guards because she wore civilian clothing instead of the hated uniform. Again, hundreds of prisoners were forced into the sea and shot. The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by barbed-wire fences. Nevertheless, Pauly was executed in 1946. Ten were sentenced to death. Nazi prison camp where inmates were forced to EAT each other Nazi trial: 100-year-old SS guard in court in Germany - BBC News She was recorded to have been 6ft 3 and known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her merciless beatings of female prisoners. Inside the Third Reichs concentration camps were scores of evil guards capable of committing horrible and sadistic acts. In 1944, as forced labor by concentration camp prisoners became increasingly important in armaments production, a Focke-Wulf aircraft factory was constructed at Stutthof. At her 1945 trial, survivor Dora Silverberg testified that Juana knocked her teeth out when she reported that her friend was very sick and couldnt walk to the working site because she was so weak. from. The girl was later declared dead by camp doctors. Read about our approach to external linking. "Worst of all were the whips.". Located 22 miles east of Danzig, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp in January 1942. Arraigned 20 ex-officials and guards were judged; 19 were found guilty, and one was acquitted. Landmark trial Bruno D. came to the. [1] 4,000 prisoners, including Jewish women and children, were killed in a gas chamber before the evacuation of the camp. Inside of the barbed wire fences, horror and brutality was administered by the SS guards and workers inside of the camps. On one occasion, she selected 1,100 of 1,400 prisoners present to be sent to their deaths. Conditions in the camp were brutal. In recent years, prosecutors have successfully convicted former death camp guards using the argument that by helping to operate camps like Auschwitz and Sobibor, they were accessories to the. Others labored in local brickyards, in private industrial enterprises, in agriculture, or in the camp's own workshops. It was surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fences. Those whom the SS guards judged too weak or sick to work were gassed in the camp's small gas chamber. Forced labor in Nazi concentration camps - Wikipedia Several thousand prisoners were directed towards the nearby Baltic coast and hundreds were forced into the sea and shot. Former Nazi SS camp guard found guilty by German court - NBC News Campo de Concentracion Stutthof, Polonia (Concentration Camp Stutthof, Poland). Stutthof concentration camp 11 german Nazi SS guards - YouTube Rising to the rank of supervisor at 19, she also worked at Auschwitz and Belsen, where she was arrested by British forces in 1945. Little is known about her life, but it is a known fact that in 1944 she became- Aufseherin, a female-guard, in the women's section of Stutthof concentration camp. Who is Buffalo Allina Clinic shooting suspect Gregory Ulrich and who are the victims? One such guard was Jenny Barkmann, who earned the moniker Beautiful Spectre.. View the list of all donors. Trials begin of former SS guard and secretary at Stutthof concentration Execution of concentration camp guards at Biskupia Gorka - Wikimedia Bruno Dey trial: New Jersey woman testifying in trial of Nazi guard [7], Soviet forces liberated Stutthof on 9 May 1945, rescuing about 100 prisoners who had managed to hide.[7]. 2023.02.28. [13], In October 2019, Bruno Dey from Hamburg was accused of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. Among the 55,000 guards at the concentration camps, 10,000 were women and they were trained to be every bit as vicious as their male counterparts. [3] Most of the infrastructure of the concentration camp was either destroyed or dismantled shortly after the war. Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at the Stutthof concentration camp near what is now . [17][3] Prisoners were also drowned in mud or clubbed to death. The sub-camps of Stutthof included:[30][31][32], The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system began on 25 January 1945. You excuses for human beings are no better than you accuse the National Socialists of being. SVIZZERA-LOTTO www. In 1962, the former concentration camp with its remaining structures, was turned into a memorial museum. There she became known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her brutal beatings of prisoners. [10], In November 2018, Johann Rehbogen from Borken was tried in court for serving at Stutthof camp from June 1942 to September 1944. Dachau KZ: STUTTHOF CONCENTRATION CAMP PART 9/10 - Blogger Why Germany Prosecutes the Aged for Nazi Roles It - The New York Times "Our group was marched out of Stutthof on 26 April. [19][28] It was also added that Spanner was arrested twice after the war but released after each time after explaining how he had conducted the maceration and injection process of his models and was declared "clean" by the denazification program in 1948, officially exonerated, and resumed his academic career. [23][22][29], The main German concentration camp in Stutthof had as many as 40 sub-camps during World War II. At the time of her hanging, Barkmann was 25 years old. The execution of guards of the Stutthof concentration camp on 4 July Germany: Ex-Nazi camp guard dies, ending case against him Those whom the SS guards judged too weak or sick to work were gassed. Set up immediately upon Germany's September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland and not liberated until after official German capitulation in 1945, Stutthoff handled over 100,000 prisoners during its long service. About 5,000 prisoners from Stutthof subcamps were marched to the Baltic Sea coast, forced into the water, and machine gunned. [2] SS-Rottenfhrer Emil Strehlau was sentenced by the court in Torun (Wloclawek) on April 23, 1948, to death for war crimes. [37] On 23 July 2020, he was given a two-year suspended sentence by the court in Hamburg. He was executed by long-drop hanging by Albert Pierrepoint in Hamelin Prison on October 8, 1946. The commandant of the Stutthof and Neuengamme concentration camps SS-Sturmbannfhrer Max Pauly was sentenced to death in Germany at about the same time. While I was standing, she kicked me in my back, causing me to fall. . Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a vast network of forced-labor camps; 105 Stutthof subcamps were established throughout northern and central German-occupied Poland. [2], The first Polish war crimes tribunal was convened at Gdask, Poland, from April 25, 1946 to May 31, 1946. Koch told the court the shades were goatskin, and prosecutors at the trial found there was no evidence to prove they were human flesh. Check out our SECOND CHANNEL TheFortress for a new video EVERY DAY! [9] The Wuppertal accused denied the allegations and declared that he was not present during the killings, and did not notice anything about it. The Stutthof trials were a series of war crime tribunals held in postwar Poland for the prosecution of Stutthof concentration camp staff and officials, responsible for the murder of up to 85,000 prisoners during the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany in World War II. Former SS guard of Nazi camp, 92, to go on trial in Germany "I was first in Stutthof in August '43 for close to a month and then two other [camps] before I returned at the end of 1944 for a second time," he told the BBC. Other witnesses said she beat women to death with wooden sticks and shot at women who were too slow when carrying heavy containers of food. National Socialism was RIGHT and we will return and we will remember things like this, so lowlife like you had better beware. But the Buchenwald Memorial Foundation says two credible witnesses, Austrian prisoner Dr. Gustav Wegerer, who ran the infirmary, and Josef Ackermann, a political prisoner and secretary of the camp doctor, confirmed the existence of the lamp. Follow me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theuntoldpastFollow me on Instagram: www.instagram.com/theuntoldpastDisclaimer: All opinions and comment stated below in the Comments section do not represent the opinion of TheUntoldPast. About 3,700 out of the 55,000 guards in the camps were women. Some 65,000 of them died as victims of the Nazis, by starvation, typhoid, lethal injection or gas. The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system in northern Poland began in January 1945. Babysitter 'with black heart' filmed herself sexually abusing toddler before sending video to her paedophile lover, Piers Morgan slams 'disgusting' 500 parking charges for NHS staff as Grant Shapps admits 'something's gone wrong'. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. Rajiv Kapoor family: Who is Rajiv Kapoor's ex-wife Aarti Sabharwal and did they have any children? 1570: Aonio Paleario, Italian religious reformer 1947: Ding Mocun, not as hot a lay in real life. Originally, Stutthof was a civilian internment camp[6] under the Danzig police chief, before its subsequent massive expansion. Over 65,000 prisoners perished, many of who were Polish Intelligentsia, former politicians, and resistance leaders, as well as 28,000 Jews. Stutthof had a large number of sub camps, and prisoners were forced to work incredibly hard some even made aircraft parts for German planes. Berlin CNN A former secretary from the Stutthof Nazi concentration camp has been charged with complicity in the murders of 10,000 people, German prosecutors said Friday, in what is a rare. (17.10.2019). Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. Washington, DC 20024-2126 Stutthof was the first camp outside German borders, in operation from 2 September 1939, and the last camp liberated by the Allies on 9 May 1945. When the final evacuation began, there were nearly 50,000 prisoners, the overwhelming majority of them Jews, in the Stutthof camp system. Nicknamed 'Beautiful Spectre', she was infamous for her brutal treatment of the prisoners. Stutthof | Holocaust Encyclopedia But as the war turned against the Germans, the camp was evacuated and thousands of prisoners were sent on a death march. [citation needed], The camp staff consisted of German SS guards and, after 1943, the Ukrainian auxiliaries brought in by SS-Gruppenfhrer Fritz Katzmann, the Higher SS and Police Leader of the area. She kicked the prisoners and literally walked over people. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. A 95-year-old woman who worked for the commandant of a Nazi concentration camp has been charged in north Germany with aiding . Stutthof concentration camp Stutthof was a Nazi concentration camp established by Nazi Germany in a secluded, marshy, and wooded area near the small town of Stutthof (now Sztutowo) 34 km (21 mi) east of the city of Danzig in the territory of the Free City of Danzig. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. The selection process for these guards was lax. The infamous main entrance to Stutthof became known as the Death Gate, Irmgard Furchner was given a two-year suspended jail term for complicity in murder, Zigi Shipper and Manfred Goldberg came from different countries but were able to communicate in Yiddish, Nazi typist guilty of complicity in 10,500 murders, Harry: I always felt different to rest of family, Chris Rock jokes about Oscars slap in Netflix show, Everything Everywhere wins big ahead of Oscars, PM to end asylum claims from small boat arrivals, US-made cheese can be called 'gruyere' - court, Mbappe breaks PSG goal record in win over Nantes. A former SS guard wept in the dock on the first day of his trial for complicity in mass murder at a Nazi concentration camp during the second world war . [3] The first executions were carried out on 11 January and 22 March 1940 89 Polish activists and government officials were shot. Over 65,000 prisoners perished, many of who were Polish Intelligentsia, former politicians, and resistance leaders, as well as 28,000 Jews. [3] Gassing with Zyklon B began in June 1944. [23] The corpses used for this were not made from "harvested" bodies, and the byproduct of Spanner's work at the Danzig institute was collected. We will rise again and we will destroy ALL of you scum who revel in this disgusting obscene filth. In November 1941, it became a "labor education" camp (like Dachau), administered by the German Security Police. She died in 2000. Prosecutors say he was a "cog" in Nazi Germany's "murderous machinery." UN negotiating final terms of High Seas Treaty, Tunisia labor union protests President Saied. [citation needed] Until 1942, nearly all of the prisoners were Polish. They were cut off by advancing Soviet forces. Twelve were sentenced to death, including the commander of the guards Johann Pauls, while the remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. She kicked me so hard that I fell. per group (up to 3) Private Shore Excursion: Tour of Gdansk and visit Stutthof Concentration Camp. [11] In December 2018, the trial was suspended, since the convict had to be hospitalized for serious heart and kidney problems. [3], A range of German organisations and individuals used Stutthof prisoners as forced laborers. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. She was 36. Ex-SS guard convicted in Germany's 'last' Holocaust trial It is estimated that around 65,000 people were murdered during the Holocaust in the Stutthof concentration camp, near the Polish city now called Gdansk. It was approximately 36 km east of the city of Gdansk, where the Visla river flows into the Baltic Sea. Stutthof concentration camp - Wikipedia The EVIL Female Guards Of Stutthof Concentration Camp Execution of SS guards at KZ Dachau, April 29th, 1945 Dey was sentenced to two years in prison. All were found guilty and eleven were sentenced to death, including the Commandant Johann Pauls. Germany: Ex-Nazi camp guard dies, ending case against him | The 99-year The execution of guards of the Stutthof concentration camp on July 4th 1946. Stutthof was a concentration camp in an isolated, marshy, and forested region near the village of Stutthof east of Danzig. [14] In July 2020, he was convicted of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder by the Hamburg state court, and was also convicted of one count of accessory to attempted murder. In 1943, the Nazis began drafting women because of the shortage of guards. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. Often described as one of historys cruellest women, Elizabeth Volkenrath selected thousands of women and children to be sent to the gas chambers. More than 6,000 camp guards and personnel were trained there before being sent out to work at other camps. Sign up here. Entry Filed under: 20th Century,Capital Punishment,Concentration Camps,Death Penalty,Execution,Germany,Hanged,History,Mass Executions,Mature Content,Occupation and Colonialism,Poland,Public Executions,Russia,USSR,War Crimes,Women, Tags: 1946, bischofschugel, biskupia gorka, danzig, elisabeth becker, ewa paradies, fascism, franciszek szopinski, gdansk, gerda steinhoff, holocaust, jan breit, jenny wanda barkmann, johann pauls, joseph reiter, july 4, kapos, nazi, naziism, stolzenberg, stutthof, sztutowo, tadeus kopczynski, waclaw kozlowski, wanda klaff, world war ii. [2][5], The fourth trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from November 19, 1947, to November 29, 1947. Getting to Stutthof. Mobile gas wagons were also used to complement the maximum capacity of the gas chamber (150 people per execution) when needed. In December of the same year, a 97-year-old former secretary of the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland was given a two-year suspended prison sentence. swisslotto. From Gdask bus station, board the number 870 bus marked either 'Sztutowo' or 'Krynica Morska' from Platform 2 (Note that the service varies on .